Soybean is not only an important oil crop， but also the main source of plant protein for human consumption and feed protein for animal husbandry， which plays an important role in the national food structure and food security. By using a simple and efficient genetic mapping method， the related genes of the main agronomic characters of soybean are mined and closely linked molecular markers are developed， which is helpful to speed up the process of molecular marker-assisted selection and molecular design breeding of soybean. Bulked Segregant Analysis （BSA） is a method to identify the gene loci through using the DNA pools with extreme traits. Due to its characteristics of fast， accurate， economical and practical， BSA has become a widely-applied method in genetic mapping. Taking advantage of high-throughput sequencing technology， BSA based on whole-genome resequencing has been widely applied in isolation of many genes underlying agronomic traits in grain and oil crops， vegetables， flowers and other species. This study briefly introduced the methods and procedures of BSA， summarized the research progress in genetic mapping of agronomic traits， stress resistance traits and male sterility traits in soybean， and further discussed the opportunities and challenges of BSA under the background of NGS， as well as the development trend of BSA in soybean molecular marker assisted selection （MAS） breeding. This study will provide theoretical basis for the cultivation of high quality soybean varieties.