Zhoumai 22 is not only the major cultivar in China, but also has become an important breeding parent in Huang-huai river valley winter wheat region. In order to reveal the genetic diversity and contributions of Zhoumai 22 to its derivatives and provide a reference for parent selection, we analyzed 106 derived varieties (lines) of Zhoumai 22 by genealogy and selected its earlier derived 80 varieties (lines) for SNP genotyping using the Affymetrix 55K SNP chip. The results showed that the 106 derivative lines of Zhoumai 22 involved 82 direct parents, and the main ones used as the opponent parents were Bainong AK58、Zhoumai 24, Zhoumai 18, Luomai 21, Zhoumai 16, Zhoumai 19, etc. These parents were directly or indirectly derived from Zhou 8425B and Zhoumai 9 and belonged to the "Zhoumai" consanguinity family. Of the A、B、D genomes, the B genome has the largest number of polymorphic loci, the D genome has the least number of polymorphic loci, but the ratio of polymorphism SNP to raw SNP number of A and D genomes is basically the same. Genetic similarity between Zhoumai 22 and 80 derived varieties (lines) ranged 0.392~0.856 with an average of 0.685, while genetic similarity among the derived lines varied from 0.381 to 0.991 with an average of 0.676. There were some genetic diversity differences among Zhoumai 22 and its derivatives. The 81 varieties were divided into 8 subpopulations, of which the I、II、III and IV subpopulations had richer genetic diversity and the V、VI、VII and VIII subpopulations was insufficient on genetic diversity. Through the polymerization of high quality protein subunits and differential selection, the new wheat varieties with high yield and multi-resistance and high quality characteristics were bred, such as Zhoumai 26, Cunmai 8, Zhoumai 36, Cunmai 11 and so on.