Under the Third National-Wide Investigation of Crop Germplasm Resources Project, the agrobiological resources in Wushan, Fengjie and Shizhu counties in Chongqing municipality were surveyed systematically during October and November in 2015. Through visiting communities and interviewing with farmers, information on crop species and variety diversity were collected and local old, native and rare germplasm resources were sampled. A total of 341 samples of landraces and crop wild relatives were collected, including 136 samples of food and oil crops, 86 samples of vegetables, 57 samples of fruit trees, 5 samples of tea, 22 samples of tobacco, 30 samples of forages and 5 samples of fiber crops. The current article will mainly introduce the survey and samples of buckwheat germplasm resources under the food and oil crops catalogue. Among 19 samples of buckwheat, not only the rare and old landraces, but also wild resources were collected. Buckwheat as a traditional crop of Yi ethnic group is losing its old, native and rare germplasm resources due to the development of modern agriculture. It was suggested that the relevant sectors should take measures to protect the old, native and rare buckwheat germplasm resources through household and in situ conservation for sustainable utilization.