Radish（Raphanus sativus L.） is an important vegetable crop which has undergone significant changes during domestication and has rich variability. The objective of this study is to understand the diversity of R. Sativus germplasm resources conserved in the national mid-term genebank of vegetable germplasm in China for further effective research and utilization. We screened 635 cultivated radish germplasm with representative characteristics from different countries or regions based on preliminary catalog data in the existing database, systematically investigated their 39 phenotypic traits on the upper parts. We carried out diversity analysis, principle component analysis and clustering analysis of 635 R. sativus germplasms according to these 39 morphological characters. Among the 19 qualitative traits, The Shannon-Weiner diversity index of hypocotyl color (1.72) was highest and the Silique setting posture was the least. The variable coefficient (CV) of quantitative traits were from 13.33% to 93.97%, the average variable coefficient was 37.96%.The CV of Distance between blobelets was the highest and the least variability was calyx length; The Shannon-Weiner diversity index (I) of 20 quantitative traits was varied from 1.20 to 2.15 and the average was 1.94. The diversity index of petal width and 1000-seed weight was the highest (2.15), followed by flower width, cotyledon length and petal length, sepal length and cotyledon notch depth. The principle components analysis on 20 quantitative traits indicated that the accumulative contribution of 7 principle components accounted for 72.87 % of total variation. UPGMA clustering analysis elucidated that the 635 radish germplasms could be divided into 5 groups, the group Ⅰ had one accession. Its silique color was purple, the length of the silique (204.70mm) and the proboscis length (122.90mm) was the longest respectively. The group Ⅱ had 4 accessions , the average of Cotyledon length（17.42mm），cotyledon width（23.47mm），cotyledon notch depth（1.39mm），petal length（17.28mm），petal width（5.65mm），flower width （17.68mm) , 6 quantitative traits values were the least in the 5 groups. The group Ⅲ had one accession with purple vein and Petiole Cotyledon width（31.75mm, petiole length of cotyledon（36.62mm），petal length（20.85mm），petal width（7.99mm），calyx length（9.34mm）, flower width（21.72mm）were the highest in the 5 groups. The group Ⅳ had 428 accessions, being classified into 2 subgroup. One subgroup had 50 accessions, mainly being long pod radish (Raphanus sativus L. var. caudatus (L.) L. H. Bailey) and oil radish（Raphanus sativus L. var. Oleiformis Pers）, and another subgroup had 378 accessions among which, 98.94% was the leaf with lobelets. The group Ⅴ had 201 accessions and all of them was leaf without lobelets. The study provideed valuable information for effective identification and utilization of cultivated radish germplasm resources. Key Words: Raphanus sativus L; Germplasm resources; Phenotype; Genetic Diversity