As a class of endemic upland rice and the favorable food crop of Li and Miao minority people, the upland rice in Hainan was important with economic, social and ecological values. Rice quality traits of 17 Shanlan rice varieties were detected, and difference analysis and correlation analysis and cluster analysis were carried out. The results showed that gelatinization temperature and amylose content of most Shanlan rice varieties were low, which belong to medium gel consistency.The quality of cooking and taste were good. 17 Shanlan rice varieties were divided into 2 categories initially, thereinto 2 varieties were identified as high-quality glutinous rice. Preferable rice quality was found in one unique variety of black grain husk. The results provided reference for variety improvement and breeding utilization of Shanlan upland rice.