To provide reference for pear breeding， the genetic basis of fruit traits was investigated through three consecutive years， by taking use of F₁ plants of seven hybridization combinations with Yanbiandaxiangshui as female parent， Hongxiangsu，Zaosu，Red clapp favorite，Jinsu，Jinmi，Eliyihao and Yunhongyihao as male parents. The results of F₁ hybrids showed a central tendency at seven traits， including single fruit weight， fruit diameter， fruit length， stalk length， stalk thickness， fruit shape index， and soluble sugar content. The single fruit weight has a strong genetic tendency towards small fruit. The coefficient of variation at soluble solid content and fruit shape index was small， while the genetic transmissibility were high. The inheritance of stalk diameter tended to be medium to low， while the inheritance of stalk length， fruit diameter and fruit length tended to be medium to high. The traits including background color， persistency of sepals， depth of eye basin， flesh texture， juice， and flavor were greatly contributed by the maternal parent.Width of eye basin inherited tend to medium and aroma was influenced by male parents. The cover color variation was observed following the laws of intergenerational inheritance. Collectively， the results provided reference for studying the genetic laws of pear fruit traits and selecting parents for hybrid breeding.