The characters of the pulp, seed core and sweet and bitter seed kernel of apricot from Pamir Plateau of Xinjiang were studied. Based on 60 fruits of seedling?breeding?were collected from 6 villages in the distribution area in Tashkorgan, 15 quality traits and 20 quantitative traits of fruit and seed core were determined, and their characteristics were identified by correlation analysis, principal component analysis and comprehensive evaluation. The results showed that the average soluble solid content of apricot fruit was 16.07%, among which 61.67% fruit soluble solid content was above 15%. The content of amygdalin in 60 samples ranged from 0.41 to 14.59 mg/g, among which 78.33% seed kernel was sweet kernel and amygdalin content ranged from 0.41 to 2.24 mg/g. 21.67% of seed kernel was bitter kernel, and the amygdalin content was between 2.76 and 14.59 mg/g. The principal component analysis showed that the cumulative contribution rate of the first five principal components was 83.255%, reflecting the basic information of these 20 quantitative traits could be reflected by single fruit weight, fruit length, fruit width, single stone weight, stone-form index, fruit-form index, single stone weight, kernel rate, stone rate and stone thickness. And the comprehensive evaluation found that 'Kuke 9', 'Kuke 13', 'Kuer 11' and 'Qiru 16' were superior and could be used directly. Among them, higher total soluble solid and sweet kernel of fruit are important target traits for human domestication and introduction.