四个芸薹属物种硫苷含量与种类分析及特殊硫苷成分的种间导入
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1华中农业大学作物遗传改良国家重点实验室,武汉 430070;2东华理工大学理学院,南昌 330013

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中德合作研究项目(Sino-German Research Project, GZ 1362);国家自然科学基金(31970564)


Characterizing the Glucosinolate Profiles of Different Brassica Oilseed Species and the Significance of Interspecific Transfer Among Specific Glucosinolates
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1National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Wuhan, 430070;2East China University of Technology, School of Science, Nanchang 330013

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The Sino-German Research Project (GZ 1362), Chinese National Science Foundation Project (31970564)

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    摘要:

    硫代葡萄糖苷(简称硫苷)是在十字花科植物中广泛存在的一类次级代谢物,在植物防御体系中发挥着重要的作用。在本研究中,通过高效液相色谱(HPLC)技术,我们检测分析了十字花科芸薹属4个油用物种(甘蓝型油菜、埃塞俄比亚芥、芥菜型油菜、白菜型油菜)67个代表性品种3个器官(根、叶、种子)3个环境(2014年湖北武汉、2016年湖北武汉、2016年湖北襄阳)下的硫苷种类及含量。共检测到11种主要的硫苷,显著性检验结果显示:不同年份间硫苷含量分布差异极显著、但在同一年武汉与襄阳两个地点间差异不显著;不同物种间硫苷的类型差异明显;甘蓝型油菜、埃塞俄比亚芥不同品种间硫苷含量分布差异极显著,但受测的芥菜型油菜、白菜型油菜不同品种间硫苷含量分布差异不显著;同一个品种不同器官间的硫苷总量差异极显著,同一器官不同硫苷的含量差异也极为显著。这些结果表明硫苷在不同物种、不同器官、不同品种间都展现了丰富的变异,同时硫苷也受到了极显著的环境影响。每个物种或物种的不同器官内都有其代表性的特殊硫苷成分,如甘蓝型油菜中的2-羟基-3-丁烯基硫苷, 埃塞比亚芥以及芥菜型油菜中的2-丙烯基硫苷,白菜型油菜中的3-丁烯基硫苷。其中一些特殊硫苷成分具有有益的生物学功能,它们的存在为通过种间杂交的方式将其向甘蓝型油菜中聚集提供了可能性。我们以在埃塞俄比亚芥与芥菜型油菜中所显著检测到的具有抗病功能的2-丙烯基硫苷为例进行展示,这种硫苷成分在高、中、低硫苷的甘蓝型油菜品种材料中含量都几乎为0,而在含有埃塞俄比亚芥与白菜型油菜亚基因组导入片段的包含3个世代183个株系的再合成甘蓝型油菜(新型甘蓝型油菜)中,有170个株系检测到了显著高于品种材料的2-丙烯基硫苷成分,这展示了通过种间交流的方式向目标物种中导入特殊硫苷成分的可行性。以上这些结果将为分析利用芸薹属不同油用作物中的硫苷并创建具有特殊硫苷成分的芸薹属作物提供信息和新的视角。

    Abstract:

    Glucosinolates (GSL) are important secondary metabolites in Brassicaceae, with favorable biological functions such as resistance to plant diseases and insect pests. In this paper, we investigated and compared the content of 11 major GSL among three major organs (roots, leaves and seeds) of 67 cultivars using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). These cultivars were from four Brassica oilseed species (B. napus L., B. carinata L., B. juncea L. and B. rapa L.) and cultivated at three environments (Wuhan Hubei, 2014; Wuhan Hubei, 2016; Xiangyang Hubei, 2016). In general, the difference between years resulted in extremely significant variation of GSL content. Cultivars from different species showed significant difference on type of GSL. In comparison to the cultivars from B. napus L. and B. carinata L. that showed extremely significant variation of GSL content, no significant variations were observed in cultivars from B. juncea L.and B. rapa L.. For the same cultivar, the total content of GSL among different organs varied significantly and for the same organ, the content of different GSL varied significantly as well. These results showed that there is abundant variation of GSL content or types among different species, organs, and cultivars as well as environmental factors. There are a few special individual GSL in certain species and organs, and some of them showed beneficial biological functions, which would be transferred and accumulated in B. napus L. via hybridization between species. For instance, sinigrin, which confers resistance to microorganisms, was typically detected in B. carinata L. and B. juncea L., but almost undetectable in normal B. napus L. cultivars which can be divided into low-sulfur, middle-sulfur and high-sulfur types. These compounds were found in the resynthesized lines of B. napus L.with subgenomic introgression from B. carinata L. and B. rapa L.. Out of 183 lines including three generations, 170 showed an elevation in sinigrin content relative to normal cultivars. Taken together, these results would provide new insights for deploying GSL in different oilseeds crops in future breeding for new Brassica crops.

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秦晗,张文姗,王猛,等.四个芸薹属物种硫苷含量与种类分析及特殊硫苷成分的种间导入[J].植物遗传资源学报,2020,21(1):94-104.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-10-24
  • 最后修改日期:2019-11-23
  • 录用日期:2019-10-31
  • 在线发布日期: 2020-01-17
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