Phaseolin is an important and informative biochemical marker for studying the genetic diversity in common bean. In this study, SDS-PAEG gel electrophoresis was used to detect the variation of phaseolin in Chinese common bean germplasms, and the genetic diversity and composition feature of these germplasm were analyzed. Twelve phaseolin patterns(S,Sb,Sd,B,C,CA,PA,T, To,H,H1,CH) were identified among 445 accessions that collected from 13 provinces in China.The result indicated that phaseolin variation of Chinese common bean germplasm resources was rich and the genetic diversity level was higher. Among these patterns,the most frequent pattern was Sb (29.0%), followed by T(28.1%).According to the specificity of phaseolin types in different gene pools,the study materials were clearly divided into Mesoamerican or Andean gene pool. The study also found that phaseolin variation of the landraces in these germplasm resources was abundant, and the diversity was significantly higher than the modern breed varieties or lines.The phaseolin types was significantly positive correlation with 100-seed weight while there was no significant correlation between the phaseolin types and seed color or seed shape when the correlation analysis conducted between phaseolin types and three seed traits. The results of this study will provide a theoretical basis for the protection of common bean germplasm resources and the effective excavation of high quality germplasm resources.