Sorghum plays an important role in the adjustment of agricultural structure and brewing industry in China, and grain color is one of the important traits, but there are not many studies on sorghum grain color. This study observed the entire development of GLB41 sorghum grains, with a rapid growth period from 1 day to 16 days, and a slow expansion period from 17 days to 24 days. In the beginning of day 25, the green gradually faded, and the grain color gradually changed from milk white or pale white to pale yellow. Subsequently, the color was deepened after 40 days. The population and resequencing BSA method was also constructed using the yellow grain GLB41 and the white grain 6E16. Genes controlling yellow grain traits were primarily mapped in the 15.6 Mb interval of Chromosome 1. We used 3215 isolated individuals to map the gene between the two markers, BR13 and P2, and seven candidate genes in the interval were found. Analysis of the functional annotation of these genes were performed and the results showed that three base insertions of the Yellow Seed 2 (Sobic.001G397900 in the 619 bp-621 bp positions of GLB41 and 6E16) led a leucine (L) insertion. And a C to G mutation at 819 bp caused a cysteine (C) to trytophan (W). But there was no amino acids changes in a C to T mutation at 912 bp. Therefore, it is supposed that Yellow Seed 2 may participate in the formation of grain color in these two parental accessions. Our study provides new genes for the color traits of sorghum grain.