Peanut is an important oil and cash crop widely distributed in China， and climate change has a significant impact on its quality. In the actual production process， different peanut varieties have different adaptations to different ecological regions. Therefore， it is necessary to study the relationship between peanut quality and climate resources. In order to further study the influence of various geographical environment factors during peanut growth， this study explored the influence of geographical environment on peanut quality based on peanut quality traits in 30 environments of 12 peanut varieties and their corresponding geographical environments from 2018 to 2020， using descriptive statistics， coefficient of variation， AMMI model， correlation and multiple linear regression analysis.It was found that the oil content was positively correlated with active accumulated temperature （≥10 °C） and sunshine hours during the whole growth period. The protein content was significantly negatively correlated with the latitude and average wind speed. The oleic acid content was positively correlated with the average relative humidity and average daily temperature.Linoleic acid was positively correlated with latitude and negatively correlated with average daily temperature. The results show that temperature， precipitation， temperature difference between day and night， sunshine hours during the whole growth period， average wind speed and relative humidity were the main climatic factors affecting the quality of peanuts. The results of this study provide a basis and technical guidance for the comprehensive development and utilization of regional quality geographical advantages of peanut production.