The yield and quality of crops are seriously affected by occurrence of lodging, which results from interactions between plants and the environmental conditions where they grow. It is difficult to assess crop lodging under natural conditions because of inconsistency of climates that are favorable for lodging every year, which makes artificially induced lodging important in evaluation of lodging resistance in crops. Foxtail millet (Setaria italica (L.) P. Beauv.) is prone of lodging and the lodging resistance is one of the crucial factors for high and stable yielding in this cereal crop. Because little information on lodging resistance is available in foxtail millet, this review outlined the methods and parameters for evaluation of lodging resistance in other cereal crops in order to provide a reference for lodging resistance in foxtail millet. This article also reviewed the relationship between lodging and the traits associated with plant and yield and the parameters for assessing lodging resistance of foxtail millet cultivars.