The variation and diversity of ten phenotypic of 137 germplasm Catalpa fargesii Bur.1-year-grafed which were from 4 valleys were analysed. The result showed that: between the valleys and within the valleys, the 10 phenotypic exhibit significant differences. The mean variation coefficient and genetic variation coefficient of the ten phenotypic between the valleys were 15.81% and 29.08%; genetic variance components in more than 70%, in that the genetic factors led the difference of the 10 phenotypic, within the valleys, the variation of the leaves department index and skin aperture count is higher within the Jing River and Fen River, the variation of the growth index, Specific leaf weight and moisture content is higher within the Weihe River and Jialing River. The total Shannon - weaver index was 6.995, the trend is the Jialing River Basin> Jing River Basin> Fen River Basin> Weihe. According the phenotypic cluster analysis, The germplasm of four drainage basin can be divided into three groups at 3.65 genetic distance.The first group including 28 germplasm from Weihe River and 46 germplasm from Jialing River basin, the second group including 24 germplasm from Fenhe basin, the third group including 39 germplasm from Jinghe basin, the variation of leaf length, leaf width, petiole length, leaf area and biomass have a certain continuity with elevation rising.