Fusarium wilt is one of the most serious diseases causing the yield loss in Mungbean. Identification of resistant resources at the seedling stage and breeding for resistant Mungbean varieties become of importance. In this study, 215 Mungbean core germplasm resources and 85 new breeding lines were tested for resistance against fusarium wilt at the seedling stage. The differences in resistance to fusarium wilt were observed among germplasm resources collected from different geographical regions. For these germplasm resources that were collected from different regions of China, ca. 50% of germplasm resources in Northeast, East and Central China turned to be resistant, while 40.4% of genotypes in North China were resistant. If compared with those of other regions, a higher disease resistance was observed in germplasm collected from Northwest, Southwest and South China. 40.0% of the exotic germplasm were found to be resistant. Eighteen accessions showing high resistance (HR) to fusarium wilt were found at the seedling stage, and of them several had been used to generate RIL populations. Six breeding lines showing high resistant and excellent agronomic performance in lifecycle were obtained. Collectively, this study provided excellent resources and theoretical basis in breeding of new mungbean varieties resistant to fusarium wilt and future decoding of resistance genes.