Distant hybridization is recognized as an effective strategy enriching the genetic abundance of the cultivated species. Taking use of the intergeneric hybrids of Brasssica napus（cultivar Yangyou 6，referred Y6） and Sinapis alba L. with somatic cell fusion as well as continuous backcrossing with Y6 and self-crossing， a series of genetically-stable introgression lines were obtained. In this study，fourteen agronomic traits of 62 introgression lines were investigated. The correlation analysis，principal component analysis，regression analysis， and cluster analysis were used to explore the relationship between agronomic traits and the main factors affecting the yield per plant. The results revealed significant differences in agronomic traits among the introgression lines.The yield per plant was positively correlated with the silique number per plant，the number of effective branches， and seeds per silique，but negatively correlated with the height of the primary branch. Principal component analysis showed that，four principal components could reflect large proportion of the genetic variations that observed in 14 agronomic traits，which are mainly related to traits such as silique number，plant height，silique length，and 1000-grain weight. Regression analysis showed that 1000-grain weight，seeds per silique，secondary effective branch number，plant height，and silique number per plant had pivotal effects on yield per plant. Some introgression lines with excellent traits were characterized based on the agronomic characteristics. The silique number of L8 significantly increased. The branch number of L3 and L7 significantly increased. The 1000-grain weight of L42 and L49 significantly increased obviously. The yield per plant of L3 and L8 significantly increased. Near infrared spectroscopy was used to analyze the seed quality characters of the introgression lines，and the results revealed that glucosinolates，erucic acid，and linolenic acid showed great variation，which could be used to select the materials with advantageous quality characters. Taken together，this study provided a successful example of distant hybridization which served as an effective approach for the innovation of the B. napus germplasm resources and the improvement of B.napus yield. The results of this study laid a theoretical basis for B.napus breeding with these germplasm resources.