马铃薯晚疫病抗性基因分子标记检测及抗性评价
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重庆市社会事业与民生保障科技创新专项(cstc2015shms-ztzx80003, cstc2015shms-ztzx80004);国家自然科学基金(31571728);中央高校基本科研业务费(XDJK2017B023和2362015XK05)


Molecular Marker Screening of Resistant Genes and Evaluation of Resistance to Late Blight from 218 Potato Genotypes
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    摘要:

    马铃薯是重庆优势特色作物之一,但其安全生产受到晚疫病的严重威胁。马铃薯生产中种植抗病品种是防控马铃薯晚疫病最为经济有效和环境友好的途径。为了了解来自国内外不同种质的晚疫病抗性基因组成以及确定在重庆市具有晚疫病抗性的马铃薯品种(系),本研究以218份来自国内外的品种(系)为材料,进行了6个晚疫病抗性(R)基因分子标记检测,同时进行了田间晚疫病抗性评价及室内接种鉴定和筛选。研究结果显示,6个R基因的分子标记在供试材料中均有分布,但分子标记的组成不尽相同,主要分为4大类。第I类含有具有广谱抗性基因的RB,晚疫病抗性评价表现为中抗以上;第III类缺R2 family基因标记,绝大部分表现为晚疫病敏感型;第II类和第IV类中分别主要含有3个R基因(R2 Family +R3a+R3b)标记类型和4个R基因(R1+ R2 Family+R3a+R3b)标记类型,这两类材料中表现出一定比例的晚疫病抗性水平,但第IV中出现抗性表现的比例高于第II类。结果说明含有RB基因标记贡献了较高的晚疫病抗性,缺失R2 famlily 基因标记的材料可能不利于晚疫病抗性,利用这些基因标记辅助筛选有助于提高重庆地区晚疫病抗性育种效率。本研究评价了218个马铃薯材料6个重要R基因组成,并筛选出重庆地区表现抗性的多个材料,为新品种(系)的推广应用以及抗病育种选育提供了科学依据,同时为发掘新的抗病基因提供了遗传资源。

    Abstract:

    Potato is an important crop in mountainous areas of China, such as Chongqing. Late blight (LB) caused by Phytophthora infestans has been a major threat to sustainable potato production in China. Growing disease-resistant varieties is the most economical, effective and environmentally friendly way to control LB in potato production. In order to understand the composition of resistance (R) genes to late blight from different germplasms and to obtain potato varieties (lines) with resistance to LB in Chongqing, screening of R genes using molecular marker linked to LB and evaluation of LB resistance upon natural and artificial inoculations were carried out in 218 potato varieties (lines) from different regions. The results showed that six R genes were detected in the tested genotypes and the composition of the molecular markers could mainly be divided into four types, including Type I, which was characterized by the presence of a broad-spectrum resistance gene RB; Type III, which was characterized by the absence of R2 family markers, most of which were susceptible to late blight; Type II and IV, which were characterized by three R genes (R2 Family+R3a+R3b) and four R genes (R1+R2 Family+R3a+R3b) marker types, respectively, which showed a certain proportion of LB resistance in these two types. The proportion of resistance in type IV was higher than that in type II. These results suggested that genotypes containing RB gene markers positively contributed to LB resistance. Screening of these gene markers will help to improve the breeding efficiency of LB resistance in Chongqing. By analyzingR genes compositions of and LB resistance tests in 218 potato genotypes, this study provided scientific basis for the future popularization and application of new varieties (lines) and resistance breeding in Chongqing, and also provided genetic resources for the discovery of new R genes.

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刘勋,郑克邪,张娇,等.马铃薯晚疫病抗性基因分子标记检测及抗性评价[J].植物遗传资源学报,2019,20(3):538-549.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-08-26
  • 最后修改日期:2019-01-27
  • 录用日期:2018-10-29
  • 在线发布日期: 2019-05-13
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