普通小麦-冰草6P染色体中间插入易位系的鉴定
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国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)


Identification of wheat-Agropyron cristatum 6P chromosome intercalary translocation lines
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    摘要:

    远缘杂交技术是将小麦野生近缘植物的染色体片段导入小麦的有效途径。通过这种方法可以拓宽小麦的遗传基础,导入携带控制优异性状的基因从而达到改良小麦的目的。为了获得在小麦遗传及育种中具有较高研究利用价值的纯合的小麦-冰草小片段异源染色体易位系,我们利用细胞学手段对普通小麦-冰草的远缘杂交后代进行鉴定。本研究以小麦-冰草二体代换系4844-8、二体附加系4844-12与普通小麦杂交后辐照产生的易位系为材料,利用基因组原位杂交(GISH)技术从中鉴定出了2个具有冰草染色体小片段的纯合中间插入易位系。其中1个纯合中间插入易位系(104-3)具有高抗小麦白粉病和高千粒重的特性。另1个纯合中间插入易位系(19-2)具有较高的穗粒数和较高的千粒重的特性。本研究鉴定出的2个小麦-冰草6P小片段纯合中间插入易位系的优异农艺性状表明,它们是丰富小麦基因资源的优异的遗传材料,具有很高的研究利用价值。

    Abstract:

    Distant hybridization is a practical way to introduce the chromatins conferring agronomically desirable genes of the wheat related species into the common wheat in order to enhance the diversity of the wheat genetic pool. The aim of this study was to identify the homozygous small segmental translocation lines with excellent agronomic performances among the progenies of the hybridization between wheat and alien species by using Genomic In Situ Hybridization (GISH) as the cytogenetic tool. In this study, the translocation progenies of the hybridization between the wheat-Agropyrum cristatum disomic substitution line 4844-8 and common wheat or between the disomic addition line 4844-12 and common wheat were studied as the research materials. Two intercalary translocation lines with a pair of small homozygous A. cristatum chromatin segments respectively were identified with GISH. One intercalary line(104-3) was resistant to powdery mildew and was with high thousand grain weight(TGW). The other intercalary line(19-2) was excellent for its high grain number per spike(GNPS) and high TGW. The excellent agronomic performances of these 2 lines indicated that they were both elite genetic resources, which could be used in the future to broaden the wheat genetic basis.

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高爱农.普通小麦-冰草6P染色体中间插入易位系的鉴定[J].植物遗传资源学报,2013,14(4):606-611.

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历史
  • 收稿日期:2012-12-31
  • 最后修改日期:2013-02-04
  • 录用日期:2013-03-11
  • 在线发布日期: 2013-06-07
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