Rice bacterial leaf streak(BLS)caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzicola is one of the most widespread and destructive diseases，It is very important for us to explore and utilize novel resistance resources，map and clone resistant genes and elucidate the interaction mechanism between the pathogen and rice.In this review the recent research advances on resistant resources screening，inheritance analysis，mapping and cloning of resistant genes and breeding of rice with resistance to BLS were mainly summarized .Moreover,the suggestion for accelerating the breeding of rice with resistance to BLS was made.