To address the food safety risks posed by cadmium contamination in rice, this study aims to elucidate the role of the cell wall-related gene IRX10 in cadmium uptake and distribution in rice, and to evaluate its application value as a target for low-cadmium breeding. By constructing gene editing materials and conducting cadmium treatment experiments, the content of cadmium and its distribution characteristics in different tissues were determined. Combined with gene expression and cell wall component analysis, the regulatory mechanism was analyzed. The results showed that IRX10 exhibits distinct expression patterns in different tissues. Its promoter region is enriched with elements related to metal and stress responses, indicating its role in metal stress responses. Cadmium treatment during the seedling stage indicated a significant reduction in cadmium accumulation in roots and shoots, but phenotypic differences were not pronounced. Under cadmium stress conditions, cadmium content in brown rice was significantly decreased, while cadmium content in the hull was significantly increased. By comparison, there was no significant alteration in the zinc level in brown rice and hull of irx10 compared to that in wild-type. Furthermore, the expression of cadmium-related genes was changed in multiple tissues in the mutant, leading to reduced cadmium loading towards the grain and enhanced cadmium enrichment in the hull. Moreover, the altered hemicellulose in irx10 hull exhibited enhanced Cd-fixing capacity. Natural variation analysis identified advantageous haplotypes associated with low cadmium accumulation. Therefore, the loss of IRX10 function can reduce cadmium accumulation in brown rice without significant alteration in zinc content by retaining more cadmium in the hull, which offers a new candidate gene for breeding low-cadmium rice.