Pear Valsa canker is a major disease that threatens the sustainable development of the pear industry. Exploration and utilization of resistant germplasm represent a fundamental strategy for effective disease management. In this study， 105 pear accessions were evaluated for resistance to Valsa canker using an integrated approach combining detached twig inoculation and field assessment post natural infection. Lesion length and disease index ratings served as the primary evaluation criteria. A comprehensive resistance index was derived through principal component analysis to classify the accessions and identify elite resistant germplasm. The results revealed substantial diversity in resistance among pear germplasm originating from Xinjiang and Central Asia. Seven accessions （6.7%） were classified as highly resistant （HR）， predominantly from Pyrus sinkiangensis （e.g.， Bayueli， Taxiamut） and Pyrus betulifolia. Twenty-three accessions （21.9%） were rated as resistant （R）， such as Heisuanli and Lüli； another 23 （21.9%） were moderately resistant （MR）， including Kuerle Huangsuanli and Aksu Jujuli. In contrast， 39 accessions （37.1%） including Huang Jujuli and Bikai 1， were susceptible （S）， and 13 （12.4%） including Huocheng Donghuangli and Zimonayeke， were identified as highly susceptible （HS）. This work provides a robust scientific basis for selecting resistant parents in pear breeding programs and highlights the untapped potential of unique pear germplasm from Xinjiang and Central Asia for genetic improvement and durable resistance against Valsa canker.