Dynamin-related proteins （DRPs） are large GTPases involved in cytokinesis， organelle biogenesis， membrane system transport， and post trans-Golgi network trafficking proteins. In this study， a total of 14 DRP genes were identified in the rice （Oryza sativa L.） genome， classified into five subfamilies， namely OsDRP1~OsDRP5. Based on the prediction of physicochemical properties and subcellular localization， OsDRPs were identified as large-molecular-weight unstable proteins， which were localized in the mitochondria， cytoplasm， or chloroplasts. The members within the same subfamily were similar in the number and distribution of conserved motifs， conserved domains， and exons. Motif 1，Motif 2 and Motif 7 were present in all OsDRPs. Three large-segment duplication events were identified in the OsDRP gene family， and the Ka/Ks<1 suggested that these genes were subjected to purifying selection during evolution. The cis-acting elements of OsDRP gene promoters involved in hormone regulation， stress response and plant growth. OsDRPs were predicted to interact with the clathrin adaptor complex and tetratricopeptide repeat proteins， and the binding energy of OsDRP2A and OsDRP2B is -17.4 kcal/mol. The qRT-PCR analysis revealed that 9 genes were significantly induced by low-temperature stress and 8 genes by drought stress. The expression levels of OsDRP1E and OsDRP3A genes significantly increased under 4℃ and 20% PEG treatment， and they might be important genes in response to abiotic stress. There are 12 and 15 nucleotide diversity sites in the exon regions of OsDRP5A and OsDRP5B， respectively， indicating that these two genes exhibit genetic diversity in rice.These findings provide a theoretical basis for further investigating the gene functions of the DRP family in rice growth and development.