Agropyron cristatum L. (2n = 4x = 28, PPPP) in a large collection of foreign excellent genes are valuable genetic resources for the genetic improvement of wheat. According to previous studies, the 1P chromosome of A.cristatum can improve plant leaf shape. However, it is unclear that the leaf shape changes and possible detrimental cumbersome effects from introduction of exotic segment in the existing of translocation fragment. This study is to detect the genetic diversity of wheat-A.cristatum translocation lines T1PS.1AL and T1AS.1PL on major agronomic characters in different wheat backgrounds, in which wheat-A.cristatum translocation lines 1PS and 1PL were crossed with eight common wheat varieties, followed by investigation and analysis of agronomic traits in F₂ segregation population. The results showed that A.cristatum chromosome arm 1PS reduced the length of top three leaves. Also the plant height reduction level was 3-7cm while no significant difference on yield characters were discovered. Furthermore, the plant phenotype of the translocation line T1AS.1PL were shaped with a decrease in the grain yield than those of non-translocation plants. Offspring performance varies regardless of wheat backgrounds or different traits, which means that in the 1P translocation lines, the phenotype of offspring is related to the effect of chromosome itself and the genetic background of wheat receptor. We found that in the progeny of different wheat parental cross combinations, single plants with favourable leaf shape and unaffected yield traits could be selected for wheat genetic improvement. In conclusion, this study reported two innovative germplasm of wheat-A. cristatum 1P translocation lines had significant genetic effects on plant type improvement, which could guide the subsequent utilization of A. cristatum 1P chromosome translocation fragments.