水稻种质资源全基因组DNA指纹鉴定方法研究
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中国农业科学院作物科学研究所/农作物基因资源与基因改良国家重大科学工程

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国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1200500); 中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目; 国家农作物种质资源保护项目(2018NWB036-01, 2018NWB036-12-2)和国家农作物种质资源平台项目(NICGR2018-001)资助。


Identification and Evaluation Method for Genome-wide DNA Fingerprinting of Rice Germplasm
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National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement / Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

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National Key Research and Development Program of China (2021YFD1200500); the CAAS Science and Technology Innovation Program; Protective Program of Crop Germplasm of China (2018NWB036-01and 2018NWB036-12-2), and the National Infrastructure for Crop Germplasm Resources (NICGR2018-01).

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    摘要:

    开展水稻种质资源DNA指纹鉴定,赋予每份种质统一的身份信息,对于查清我国资源家底、评估资源遗传基础、提高资源利用效率和保护种业知识产权等具有重要意义。本研究利用已完成全基因组DNA重测序的5374份水稻种质资源为研究材料,通过参考样本资源的选择、高质量SNP位点分析以及最优SNP数量和SNP组合的挑选,建立了2套水稻种质资源全基因组DNA指纹标准。通过主成分分析和系统进化树分析,指纹标准1和2选择的SNP可以代表94,197个高质量群体共有SNP进行群体遗传多样性检测;群体遗传相似度分析验证了指纹标准1和2对于开展水稻种质资源遗传相似性鉴定的有效性。本研究有望为水稻种质资源保护与利用以及种业知识产权保护等提供技术支撑,并为其它作物制定全基因DNA指纹鉴定标准提供参考。

    Abstract:

    Conducting DNA fingerprinting of rice germplasm resources and assigning uniform identity information to each germplasm are of great significance for identifying the resource family in China, assessing the genetic basis of resources, improving resource utilization efficiency and protecting the intellectual property rights of the seed industry in rice. In this study, using 5374 rice accessions that had completed whole-genome DNA resequencing as the basis, two sets of whole-genome DNA fingerprinting standards for rice germplasm resources were established through the selection of reference sample resources, analysis of high-quality SNP loci, and selection of the optimal number of SNPs and SNP combinations. Through principal component analysis and phylogenetic tree analysis, the SNPs selected by fingerprinting standards 1 and 2 could represent 94,197 high-quality population common SNPs for population genetic diversity detection. In addition, population genetic similarity analysis verified the effectiveness of fingerprinting standards 1 and 2 for conducting genetic similarity identification of rice germplasm resources. This study is expected to provide technical support for the conservation and utilization of rice germplasm resources and the protection of intellectual property rights in the seed industry, and to provide reference for the development of whole-gene DNA fingerprinting standards for other crops.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-12-21
  • 最后修改日期:2022-12-26
  • 录用日期:2023-01-05
  • 在线发布日期: 2023-02-07
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