Abstract:In order to salvage and protect wild rice resources in Hainan Province, P.R. China, in November 2021, the Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences in cooperation with the Institute of Grain Crops, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences carried out the investigation, ectopic protection and bacterial blight resistance of wild rice. This study investigated 21 wild rice distribution sites in 17 towns of 11 cities/counties which were previously recorded in Hainan province. Out of them, seven distribution sites were critically endangered, 6 distribution sites suffered with degrees of damage. Three new distribution sites of wild rice were found. 239 wild rice resources were collected and preserved in the National Wild Rice Germplasm Garden. In addition, the Philippine race 6 (PXO99), which is highly aggressive with broad pathogenicity, was tested using artificial inoculation for bacterial blight resistance in this collection of 145 O. rufipogon Griff. and 47 O. officinalis Wally. Five accessions showing high resistance to bacterial blight were identified, which laid a rich material foundation for the research and breeding of resistance to bacterial blight in rice.