大豆耐密植品种评价方法的建立及耐密种质的筛选
作者:
作者单位:

1.安徽农业大学农学院;2.中国农业科学院作物科学研究所/农业部作物基因资源与遗传改良重大科学工程/农业部作物基因资源与种质创制重点实验室

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基金项目:

国家重点研发计划(2021YFD1201605,2021YFD1201603-4);安徽省自然科学基金(1908085QC105);安徽省高校自然科学研究项目(KJ2021A0200);安徽省大学生创新创业计划项目(S202010364128);安徽省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金资助;安徽农业大学引进与稳定人才项目(yj2018-38);安徽省学术和技术带头人及后备人选科研活动经费(2020H236)


Establishing An Evaluation Method for Condensed Planting and Identification of Elite Germplasm Resources in Soybean
Author:
Affiliation:

1.School of Agronomy,Anhui Agricultural University;2.Institute of Crop Sciences,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement(NFCRI)/Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resource and Germplasm Enhancement(MOA)

Fund Project:

The National Key Research and Development Program of China (2021YFD1201605, 2021YFD1201603-4),Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province (1908085QC105),Anhui University Natural Science Foundation-funded project (KJ2021A0200),The Innovation and Entrepreneurship Program for College Students of Anhui Province, China (S202010364128),Supported by the Special Fund for Anhui Agriculture Research System,Talent introduction and stabilization project of Anhui Agricultural University (yj2018-38),The Funds for scientific research activities of academic and technical leaders and reserve candidates in Anhui Province (2020H236)

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    摘要:

    通过增加种植密度提高产量已成为大豆增产的有效途径之一。然而,关于大豆种质资源耐密特性的综合评价体系尚未系统化。本研究旨在运用多年数据构建一套大豆耐密植评价方法,并利用该方法对不同品种耐密特性进行评价,进而筛选耐密型资源。选择77份适宜于黄淮海生态区的大豆种质资源,分为高密度(株距8.0 cm,约31.5万株/公顷)与常规密度(株距13.0cm,约19.5万株/公顷)播种。通过获取2019和2020两年9个相关性状指标进行耐密特性综合评价。与常规种植密度相比,高密度条件下大豆植株重心高度和底荚高度分别呈极显著(P<0.01)和显著性增加(P<0.05),有效分枝数和单株粒重呈极显著性下降(P<0.01)。根据显著相关系数,进行主成分和隶属函数标准化分析,估算大豆耐密性综合评价值(M),并根据M值对供试品种进行聚类分析。再综合以上试验结果,将参试品种耐密性划分为5个等级,即:I级(不耐密植型),II级(较不耐密植型),III级(中间型),IV级(较耐密植型)和V级(耐密植型)。根据该方法初步筛选出3个耐密植大豆品种(五星1号、Motte*和高作选1号),为进一步开展大豆耐密植生理机制研究及耐密植新品种选育奠定了方法和材料基础。

    Abstract:

    Increasing planting density has become an effective way to improve soybean yield. However, the comprehensive evaluation system to identify density-tolerant soybean germplasm resources has not been systematized. This study attempts to construct an evaluation method based on multi-year data, followed by evaluating the density-tolerant characteristics to identify the elite soybean germplasm. Seventy-seven soybean germplasm resources suitable for Huang-Huai-Hai ecological area were sown with two densities including high-density sowing (plant spacing 8.0 cm, about 315,000 plants/ha) and conventional density sowing (plant spacing 13.0 cm, about 195,000 plants/ha). The evaluation of dense planting tolerance was conducted by obtaining nine relevant character indexes in two calendar years (2019 and 2020). Compared with the conventional planting density, the height of gravity center and bottom pod of the plant were significantly increased (P < 0.01) and (P < 0.05), respectively, and the number of effective branches and seed weight per plant decreased significantly (P < 0.01) under high planting density. According to the significant correlation coefficient, the principal component and membership function standardization analysis were carried out to estimate the comprehensive evaluation value (M) which was deployed for the clustering analysis. The dense planting tolerance characteristics were divided into five types (I, less dense type; II, strong less dense type; III, intermediate type; IV, strong dense type; V, dense type). Three soybean varieties (Wuxing 1, Motte*, and Gaozuoxuan 1) qualified for condensed planting were preliminarily identified. Collectively, this study established a density-tolerant evaluation method useful for developing new dense-planting varieties and studying their physiological mechanism in soybean.

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金 武,万明月,李 俊,等.大豆耐密植品种评价方法的建立及耐密种质的筛选[J].植物遗传资源学报,2022,23(4):1004-1015.

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历史
  • 收稿日期:2022-01-08
  • 最后修改日期:2022-02-20
  • 录用日期:2022-03-03
  • 在线发布日期: 2022-07-08
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