薏米萌芽过程的代谢组学变化及特征分子筛选
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1.贵州黔西南喀斯特区域发展研究院;2.贵州省薏苡工程技术研究中心;3.中国农业科学院作物科学研究所

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第三次全国作物种质资源普查收集—杂粮种质资源繁殖编目入库(19210866);贵州省现代农业产业体系(黔财农[2019]15号);贵州省农业技术服务资金(黔财农[2020]51号);黔西南州科技计划项目(2020-1-03)


Metabonomics Profiles and Distinctive Molecular Selection During Adlay Seed Generation
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Project of Collection, Expanding, Cataloging and Warehousing of Minor Crop Germplasm Resources (19210866), and the Third National Survey and Collection Action on Crop Germplasm Resources,Construction of Modern Agricultural Industrial System in Guizhou Province(No.201915),Agriculture Technology Service Project(No.202051),The Southwest Guizhou of Science and Technology Program, China (No.2020-1-03)

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    摘要:

    药食同源是薏苡作物的天然禀赋,但是加工利用过程中往往存在适口性差、不易蒸煮等特点。种子萌芽是植物新一轮生命周期的开端,也是改善谷物口感与品质的重要手段。本研究旨在研究薏米萌芽前后特征代谢物的变化,为薏米功能食品的开发和利用提供理论依据。以‘兴仁白壳’、‘黔薏2号’、‘安国薏苡’和‘日本薏米’4份薏米材料进行萌芽,采用广泛靶向代谢组学分析方法对其萌芽后和萌芽前的代谢物进行比较分析,并对其差异代谢物进行鉴定和筛选。结果显示,4份薏米材料在萌芽前后共检测到590个代谢物,其中190个共有差异代谢物,2黄皮品种聚在一起,2个红皮品种聚为一类。薏米萌芽后脂质、有机酸、生物碱、木质素和香豆素、酚酸类、氨基酸及其衍生物、核苷酸及其衍生物整体上呈上调模式,而黄酮类则整体表现为下调模式。上调倍数最大的10个差异代谢物分子为N-苯乙酰甘氨酸、S-腺苷蛋氨酸、N-α-乙酰-L-精氨酸、甲基马来酸、丙氨酰亮氨酸、天冬氨酰苯丙氨酸、茶氨酸、L-苯丙氨酸-L-苯丙氨酸、对香豆酰基O-水杨酰奎尼酸、核酮糖-5-磷酸,下调倍数最大的代谢分子为脯氨酸甜菜碱、甘草素-7,4-二葡萄糖苷、顺式玉米素、扁蓄苷、七叶苷、槲皮素-3-O-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖苷、山奈素、芍药花素、金圣草黄素7-O-葡萄糖苷、苜蓿素-O-芸香糖苷。KEGG通路富集分析表明,萌芽过程中氨基酸生物合成、氨酰tRNA生物合成、ABC转运蛋白、嘧啶代谢及玉米素生物合成、黄酮代谢、生物碱合成、芥子油苷生物合成、甘油脂类生物代谢过程均发生了显著变化。萌芽后,如溶血磷脂酰胆碱、薏苡素、10-甲酰四氢叶酸、齐墩果酸、没食子儿茶素、绿原酸、丁香酸等具有重要生物活性的功能分子在萌芽过程中得到了显著富集。薏米萌芽过程中涉及脂质、有机酸、生物碱、木质素和香豆素、酚酸类、氨基酸和核苷酸及其衍生物的生物代谢过程活跃,并找到了一些重要特征分子和生物活性分子。

    Abstract:

    Homology of medicine and food is the natural endowment of adlay crops, although it was always poor palatability and not easy to cook in food processing and utilization. Seed germination was the first step of the life cycle in plants, which could be an efficient process to improve palatability and quality properties. Aiming to provide theoretical insights for guidance in adlay functional food processing and industrial utilization, the metabolomics profiles of adlay seeds in four adlay varieties ‘Xingrenbaike’, ‘Qianyi 2 hao’, ‘Anguoyiyi’ and ‘Ribenyimi’ were measured under two treatments (before and after germination), followed by statistical analysis using widely-targeted metabolomics methods to identify the differential metabolites. Of 590 metabolites detected, 190 metabolites showing statistically different were identified. After germination, compounds of lipids, organic acids, alkaloids, lignans, coumarins, phenolic acids, amino acids and derivatives, nucleotide and derivatives were up-regulated in general, while flavonoids compounds were down-regulated. The top-ten ranking up-regulated metabolic molecules were N-Phenylacetylglycine, S-Adenosylmethionine, N-α-Acetyl-L-arginine, citraconic acid, alanylleucine, Asp-phe, L-theanine, Phe-Phe, O-p-coumaroyl-O-salicyloyl quinic acid, ribulose-5-phosphate, while the top-ten ranking down-regulated molecules were proline betaine, liquiritigenin-7,4-diglucoside, avicularin, cis-Zeatin, quercetin-3-O-α-L-arabinopyranoside, chrysoeriol-7-O-glucoside, peonidin, Kaempferide, esculin hydrate and raffinose. KEGG pathway enrichments showed that the metabolism pathways including amino acids biosynthesis, aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, ABC transporters, pyrimidine metabolism, zeatin biosynthesis, flavonoid metabolism, alkaloid biosynthesis, glucosinolate biosynthesis and glyceride metabolism were changed significantly. However, some bioactive molecules with physiological functions were also found with significant enrichment, such as lysoPC(18:3), Coixol, 10-Formyl-THF, oleanolic acid, gallocatechin, chlorogenic acid, syringic acid, et. Several metabolic processes involved with biosynthesis of lipids, organic acids, alkaloids, lignans, coumarins, phenolic acids, amino acids and nucleotide and their derivatives, were robust active and enhanced during germination, and some characteristic metabolites and physiologically active molecules were hunted as well.

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李祥栋,潘 虹,陆秀娟,等.薏米萌芽过程的代谢组学变化及特征分子筛选[J].植物遗传资源学报,2022,23(4):1155-1165.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-01-07
  • 最后修改日期:2022-02-10
  • 录用日期:2022-02-16
  • 在线发布日期: 2022-07-08
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