The reference genome provides a fundamental framework in the field of modern functional genomics. Modern genomic techniques based on reference genomes is the driving force for identification of genetic variations and functional gene cloning in the past two decades. However， with the progress of plant genome research， it is becoming visible that single reference genome cannot represent all the genomic variances within a species or a population. This consequence has become one of the limits for the functional genomic studies. Pangenome refers to the full complement of genes/genomic sequences within a population. By capturing and presenting all the genes/genomic sequences within a population， pangenome can be used as reference genome in functional genetic studies， to overcome the limit posed by single reference genome. While implementing in the state-of-art genomic techniques， pangenome can greatly improve the efficiency and precision of identification of genetic variations in plant germplasm， thus becoming one of the frontiers and hotspots in genomic research. In this review， we summarized the definition and recent progress in studies of pangenome， the techniques and strategies applied in pangenome assembly and construction， as well as the application of pangenome in plant genomic and molecular breeding. The current problems and future perspectives of plant pangenome were outlined. This review is expected to provide a better understanding and reference for future study and application of plant pangenome.