芝麻营养生长期枯萎病抗性鉴定技术研究
作者:
作者单位:

1.河南省农业科学院芝麻研究中心;2.郑州大学农学院

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国家现代农业(芝麻)产业技术体系(CARS-14);农业部引进国际先进农业科学技术项目(2016-X05);河南省科技创新杰出人才基金 (184200510002);河南省重大科技专项(151100111200);河南省创新型科技人才队伍建设工程(ISTTCPHP2016);河南省特聘研究员岗位项目 (SPPP2016);河南省高等学校特聘教授项目 (DPPIHL2017)


An Evaluation Technique of Sesame Resistance to Fusarium Wilt Disease at Vegetative Stage
Author:
Affiliation:

1.Henan Sesame Research Center, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou;2.Agronomy Department, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou

Fund Project:

The earmarked fund for China Agriculture Research System (CARS-14), Importing International Advanced Agricultural Sicence and Technology Program by Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (2016-X05), the Plan for Scientific Innovation Talent of Henan Province (184200510002), the Key Project of Science and Technology in Henan Province (151100111200), and the Innovation Scientists and Technicians Troop Construction Projects of Henan Province (ISTTCPHP2016), the Henan Province Specific Professor Position Program (SPPP2016), and the Distinguished Professor Program of Institutions of Higher Learning in Henan Province (DPPIHL2017)

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    摘要:

    芝麻枯萎病是芝麻主要真菌病害之一,由尖孢镰刀菌芝麻专化型(Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. sesami,FOS)引起,主要在苗期和成株期发生。为精准评价营养生长时期(2 对真叶-现蕾)芝麻种质对 FOS 菌株的抗性水平,试验分析了 FOS菌液浓度、蘸根接菌时间、致病力等条件下芝麻种质枯萎病病症及病情指数变化规律,建立了营养生长期芝麻枯萎病抗性精准鉴定方法。结果表明,1×106 cfu / mL ~ 5×106 cfu / mL 浓度下,植株蘸根接菌处理 1 ~ 2 周即可发病;第 4 周样本枯萎病病情指数(DI)趋于稳定。上述方法反映不同芝麻种质营养生长期对 FOS 菌株的抗性水平以及不同 FOS 菌株的致病力。营养生长期芝麻枯萎病发生可分为 0 ~ 4 级共 5 个等级。采用上述鉴定方法对 42 份芝麻种质进行抗枯萎病鉴定结果显示,野生种 S. radiatum 高抗枯萎病(DI = 0),而 S. angustifolium 高感枯萎病(DI = 100)。40 份栽培种资源中,高感(HR)种质比例极高(57.5%),高抗及中抗种质比例较低(27.5%)。研究结果为深入开展芝麻抗枯萎病遗传机理分析提供了技术支持。

    Abstract:

    Sesame Fusarium wilt (SFW), which is caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. sesami (FOS), is one of the main fungi diseases and primarily occurs at vegetative growth and flowering stages in sesame. In order to accurately evaluate the resistance level of sesame germplasm accessions to FOS strains during vegetative stage (from two-pair-leaves period to budding period), we analyzed the Fusarium wilt symptoms and the disease index (DI) variation of sesame germplasm accessions treated with several FOS strains, various concentrations of microconidia suspension and different time with treatment. A precise evaluation method of sesame resistance to Fusarium wilt disease during vegetative stage was established. Results indicated that Fusarium wilt symptom occurred in sesame plantlets 1 to 2 weeks later after inoculation with 1 × 106 microconidia/ mL FOS suspension. The DI values became stabilized after 4 weeks. The resistance level of germplasm accessions and the pathogenicity of FOS strains were reflected using the above established method. Five grades of Fusarium wilt resistance from grade 0 to 4 for sesame during vegetative stage was proposed. The results derived from tests of 42 sesame accessions revealed that the wild species, S. radiatum exhibited the stable high resistance to FOS (DI = 0), while S. angustifolium was highly susceptible (DI = 100). Of the 40 cultivated accessions, 57.5% samples were highlysusceptible (HS), while 27.5% were showing high- or medium-resistant. The findings supply the technological aids in further analyzing the genetic mechanism of sesame resistance to Fusarium wilt disease.

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苗红梅,常淑娴,张海洋,等.芝麻营养生长期枯萎病抗性鉴定技术研究[J].植物遗传资源学报,2020,21(2):330-337.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-04-28
  • 最后修改日期:2019-12-03
  • 录用日期:2019-07-22
  • 在线发布日期: 2020-03-17
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