青藏高原三种蝇子草属植物的核型研究
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云南师范大学生命科学学院/云南师范大学生物能源持续开发利用教育部工程研究中心,昆明650500

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国家自然科学基金项目(31670206,31460047)


Karyotypes of Three Silene (Caryophyllaceae) Species From the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
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School of Life Sciences, Yunnan Normal University/Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500

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The National Natural Science Foundation of China (General Program, Key Program, Major Research Plan)

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    摘要:

    本研究利用植物常规压片法对青藏高原地区的石竹科3种蝇子草属植物首次进行了核型分析,针对核型不对称系数(AI)与染色体倍性开展了讨论,并结合前人研究结果进行亲缘关系聚类分析,结果如下:道孚蝇子草(Silene dawoensis)核型公式为2n = 2x = 24 = 20m + 2sm + 2st,核型不对称性为2A,AI值为3.09,为二倍体植物;印度蝇子草(S. indica)核型公式为2n = 4x = 48 = 48m,核型不对称性为1B,AI值为0.88,为同源四倍体植物;狭果蝇子草(S. huguettiae)核型公式为2n = 6x = 72 = 72m,核型不对称性为1A,AI值为0.82,为同源六倍体植物。其中,道孚蝇子草的AI值和不对称系数最高,在3种蝇子草属物种中处于更为进化的位置。同时结合前人蝇子草属染色体报道数据,验证了蝇子草属植物主要基于染色体数目为2n=24二倍体水平的进化趋势。上述3种蝇子草属植物的染色体数目及核型均为首次报道,补充了青藏高原蝇子草属植物的细胞学资料,可为该属提供细胞学分类信息,并为探讨石竹科植物在该区域的系统演化关系积累基础资料。

    Abstract:

    By employment of karyological and taxonomic techniques, we determined the karyotype of three species in genus of Silene (Caryophyllaceae) from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The asymmetry index (AI) and polyploidy level were discussed. We made a clustering analysis for karyotype from four species (three species in this study and one species from previous study). The results indicated that: S. dawoensis was diplophyte with a karyotype formula of 2n = 2x = 24 = 20m + 2sm + 2st (asymmetry: 2A, AI: 3.09); S. indica was tetraploid with a karyotype formula of 2n = 4x = 48 = 48m (asymmetry: 1B, AI: 0.88); S. huguettiae was hexaploid with its karyotype formula of 2n = 6x = 72 = 72m (asymmetry: 1A, AI: 0.82). Furthermore, S. dawoensis has the highest value of AI and asymmetry coefficient among three species. Based on results of previous studies, we can speculate that the chromosome numbers of 2n = 24 should be a main character in Silene. The chromosome numbers and karyotype of three species of Silene provided first insights, which supplemented the plant cytological data of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and cytological classification information for Silene. Taken together, this study will provide basis on illuminating the phylogenetic relationship of Caryophyllaceae in this region.

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底远哲,胡伸萌,王海霞,等.青藏高原三种蝇子草属植物的核型研究[J].植物遗传资源学报,2019,20(4):1074-1079.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-11-05
  • 最后修改日期:2018-11-21
  • 录用日期:2018-12-18
  • 在线发布日期: 2019-07-16
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