A method for variety identification using a manual cultivar identification diagram ( MCID) based on SSR molecular markers was applied to the identification of 72 persimmon landraces around China. The result showed that the 72 persimmon landraces were rapidly and easily distinguished at the molecular level through several rounds of PCR amplification using six random amplified polymorphic primers，analysis of the bands of gel electrophoresis and development of the tree-based identification charts．At the same time, cluster analysis was carried out by using NTSYS-2.10e software, and the genetic relationship among varieties was intuitively understood by cluster analysis tree map. When the genetic similarity coefficient is about 0.62, it can be divided into 3 subgroups .The obtained MCID map is more intuitive and practical than the clustering tree. By referring to the MCID map, the primers and specific bands needed for identifying these landraces can be quickly obtained. It has positive significance for the identification of persimmon germplasm resources and the sustainable development of persimmon industry.