102 SSR markers were used to analyze the genetic diversity of 162 wheat modern varieties in Shanxi. The average allelic variation richness of 102 markers was 3.94, the polymorphic information content (PIC) was between 0-0.810, and the average polymorphism information content was 0.446, indicating that the genetic diversity of wheat cultivars in Shanxi province was rich. Among the varieties analyzed, those registered during 2000-2005 have the highest genetic diversity. Cluster analysis based on the Nei"s genetic distance separated the 162 varieties into three groups, group classification is mainly related to breds and geographical distribution, the third group has the largest genetic difference. By analyzing the markers related to grain numbers, thousand grain weight and chlorophyll content, it was found that the frequency of favorable allelic variation gradually increased with years, indicating the potential in improving yield traits of wheat varieties in Shanxi.