湖北省蔬菜种质资源调查与分析
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湖北省农业科学院经济作物研究所,湖北省农业科学院经济作物研究所,湖北省农业科学院经济作物研究所,湖北省农业科学院经济作物研究所,湖北省农业科学院

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国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0101903);农业部物种品种资源保护费项目(111721301354052034)–第三次全国农作物种质资源普查与收集行动;湖北省重大科技创新计划(2016ABA095);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金资助,CARS-23-G28。


Investigation and analysis of vegetable germplasm resources in Hubei province
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Cash Crops Institute of Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Cash Crops Institute of Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Cash Crops Institute of Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Cash Crops Institute of Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Cash Crops Institute of Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences

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    摘要:

    2015-2017年,以湖北省农作物种质资源普查为基础,选择19个县( 市、区) 的199个村开展第三次农作物种质资源系统调查与收集,收集到1072份蔬菜资源。通过对19个县(市、区)蔬菜种质资源分类、分布规律、农艺性状特点、保存、主要蔬菜资源及特色资源的重点分析,结果表明:(1)蔬菜地方品种有26个科;(2)红安县、钟祥市、谷城县、南漳县、远安县等县市具有丰富的蔬菜地方品种;(3)地方品种的特点是品质好、抗性强、耐贫瘠,但纯度低、产量低、退化严重、多分布于偏远地区;(4)蔬菜地方品种多保存在有文化的老农家中;(5)十字花科、茄科、葫芦科、百合科和豆科蔬菜地方品种占蔬菜资源总量的67.91%;(6)珍珠花、山蒜、魔芋等特色蔬菜资源在湖北省山区零星分布。本研究可为湖北省蔬菜地方资源保护与利用提供参考。

    Abstract:

    Under the investigation of crop germplasm resources in the whole province, the 3th national action of crop germplasm resources survey and collection were carried out in 199 villages of 19 selected counties (cities, districts) in Hubei Province during 2015-17. Total 1072 accessions of local vegetables were collected in the field survey. The current study mainly focused on classification, distribution pattern, agronomic characters, conservation, main resources and special resources of vegetable germplasm. The main findings of the study were: (1) All resources of collected vegetable germplasm are belonged to 26 families; (2) Hong'an County, Zhongxiang City, Gucheng County, Nanzhang County andYuan'an County had more local vegetable cultivars than other counties (cities, districts); (3) Local cultivars showed high quality, high resistance and barren-tolerance, but most of them were distributed in remote areas with low purity, low yield and serious threat of degradation; (4) Most of the landraces were mainly preserved by some well-educated elder peasants; (5) The local cultivars of Cruciferae, Solanaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Liliaceae and Leguminosae accounted for 67.91% of the total vegetable resources; (6) Pearl flower (Staghylea Bumalda DC.), scallion (Allium paepalanthoides), elephant-foot yam (Amorphophallus spp.) and other important vegetable resources were scattered distributing in mountainous regions. This study will provide valuable information for conservation and utilization of local vegetable resources in Hubei Province.

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姚明华,尹延旭,王飞,等.湖北省蔬菜种质资源调查与分析[J].植物遗传资源学报,2018,19(3):517-522.

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  • 收稿日期:2017-08-10
  • 最后修改日期:2018-01-25
  • 录用日期:2018-01-31
  • 在线发布日期: 2018-05-08
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