黍稷的名实考证及规范
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国家科技支撑计划(2006BAD02B07);作物种质资源保护项目(NB08-2130135-(25-31)-12);植物种质资源共享平台建设项目(2005DKA21001-30)


Textual research and standardization of Chinese name of Broomcorn millet
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    摘要:

    黍稷是起源于中国最古老的作物,糯者为黍,粳者为稷。长期以来对黍稷的称谓一直不能统一,特别是对稷的称谓在农史界一直争论不休,难以定论。本文从黍稷的起源演化过程、细胞学和遗传学的研究、黍稷是人类最早驯化的作物、我国甲骨文和古农书的记载等方面,论证了黍稷的起源早于粟。并以此为据,进一步辩证了稷不是粟,和黍稷称为软糜和硬糜、糜黍、糜子、黍子等不同称谓的不足之处。明确了还是以黍稷作为规范称谓的好。

    Abstract:

    Broomcorn millet is the oldest crop, whose origin is from China, its Chinese name is called “shu ji”. The glutinous one is called “shu”; another one is called “ji”, which is not glutinous. The Chinese name of Broomcorn millet is not unified for a long time. Special for the name of “ji”, there is much debate in agriculture history circles; it is difficult to be a last word. The article introduces the process of origin and evolvement of Broomcorn millet, the modern cytology and genetics study of Broomcorn millet, and as the oldest domesticated crop, the relative recordation about the Broomcorn millet in Chinese ancient inscriptions on bones or tortoise shells and ancient agriculture books. All of above demonstrate that the origin of Broomcorn millet is earlier than Millet (Chinese name “su”), but the “ji” is different from the “su”, and Broomcorn millet is called “ruan mi” , “ying mi”, “mi shu” , “mi zi”, “shu zi” and other different names that is unadvisable .The “shu ji” shall be the standard name of Broomcorn millet.

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王星玉,王 纶,温琪汾.黍稷的名实考证及规范[J].植物遗传资源学报,2010,11(2):132-138.

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